Subaru has built a reputation for producing reliable, versatile, and capable vehicles, and at the heart of many of their models lies an industry-leading All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system. Unlike many manufacturers that only offer AWD as an option, Subaru integrates this technology as a standard feature in most of its lineup. But what exactly makes Subaru’s AWD system so special, and how does it enhance your driving experience?
In this blog, we’ll take a look at Subaru’s AWD system, exploring how it works, the unique benefits it offers, and why it’s one of the best in the automotive world.
What is Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD?
At the core of Subaru’s AWD system is a technology known as Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive. This system continuously distributes power to all four wheels, offering balanced traction and control in a variety of driving conditions. Unlike traditional AWD systems found in other vehicles, Subaru’s design ensures that power is distributed evenly, enhancing stability and handling.
The “symmetry” refers to the linear layout of the drivetrain, which is perfectly balanced along the car’s centreline. This setup optimises weight distribution, making the vehicle more stable, especially when navigating sharp turns or slippery surfaces. The Symmetrical AWD system provides the foundation for Subaru’s reputation as a leader in safety, reliability, and performance.
How does Subaru’s AWD System Work?
Subaru’s AWD system operates by constantly monitoring the vehicle’s speed, throttle input, and wheel slippage. When a loss of traction is detected on one or more wheels, the system automatically redistributes power to the wheels with the most grip. This happens seamlessly and in real-time, meaning drivers don’t need to manually engage or deactivate the AWD system.
Here’s a breakdown of the key components that make Subaru’s AWD so effective:
- Boxer Engine: Subaru’s unique horizontally opposed Boxer engine sits low in the chassis, contributing to a lower centre of gravity. This enhances stability and complements the AWD system by providing better weight balance.
- Centre Differential: The system uses a centre differential to divide power evenly between the front and rear axles. In more challenging conditions, like snow or gravel, the system adjusts to send more power to the wheels with the most traction.
- Electronic Control: With advanced electronic systems, Subaru’s AWD can detect even slight changes in wheel traction and adjust power distribution accordingly.
This combination of mechanical and electronic components ensures that Subaru vehicles offer a safer and more controlled ride, regardless of road conditions.
Types of Subaru AWD Systems
While Symmetrical AWD is standard across most Subaru models, different versions of the system are used depending on the vehicle’s transmission type. Subaru has tailored its AWD technology to suit various driving styles and vehicle capabilities. Here are the main types of Subaru AWD systems:
1. Active Torque Split AWD
This system is most commonly found in Subaru vehicles with automatic transmissions. It uses an electronically controlled clutch to manage the power distribution between the front and rear wheels. The system adjusts in real time based on driving conditions, offering optimal traction and efficiency. For example, when driving on dry pavement, the power distribution might be 60% front and 40% rear, but in slippery conditions, it can shift to a 50/50 split.
2. Continuous AWD
In Subaru vehicles equipped with a manual transmission, the AWD system uses a viscous-coupling centre differential. This system constantly maintains a 50/50 power split between the front and rear wheels but can redirect power to either axle when it detects a loss of traction. The system is simple yet effective, making it a favourite among driving enthusiasts who prefer manual transmissions.
3. VTD (Variable Torque Distribution) AWD
This is Subaru’s most advanced AWD system, often found in higher-end models like the Subaru WRX and Subaru Ascent. It uses a planetary centre differential combined with an electronically controlled hydraulic clutch. This allows for an even more dynamic distribution of power between the front and rear axles, typically favouring the rear for a sportier driving experience. In everyday driving conditions, VTD AWD sends more torque to the rear wheels for better handling, but it can quickly adjust if the front wheels begin to slip.
Advantages of Subaru’s AWD System
The Subaru AWD system offers several distinct advantages over other AWD systems, which makes it stand out in the automotive world.
1. All-Weather Performance
One of the key benefits of Subaru’s AWD system is its performance in adverse weather conditions. Whether you’re driving on wet roads, snow-covered streets, or gravel paths, Subaru’s AWD system ensures superior traction and control. This is especially important in areas that experience unpredictable weather, where road conditions can change quickly.
2. Enhanced Stability
The symmetrical layout of the AWD system and the low centre of gravity created by the Boxer engine work together to improve vehicle stability. This balance not only helps in extreme conditions but also in everyday driving, reducing body roll and enhancing cornering.
3. Off-Road Capabilities
While many AWD systems are designed for improved on-road performance, Subaru’s AWD is also well-suited for light off-roading. Paired with X-Mode in certain models like the Subaru Crosstrek and Outback, drivers can tackle challenging terrains like mud, snow, and steep hills with confidence. X-Mode optimises the engine, transmission, and brakes for maximum traction and control on rough surfaces.
4. Safety
Subaru’s AWD system is designed with safety in mind. By maintaining consistent traction, it helps prevent wheel spin, skidding, and loss of control. The system’s ability to distribute power to the wheels with the most grip ensures that you stay in control, even when the road is less than ideal. Combined with Subaru’s EyeSight Driver Assist Technology, the AWD system contributes to the brand’s top safety ratings across various models.
Subaru Models with AWD
Subaru has made Symmetrical AWD a standard feature on most of its models. Here are some popular Subaru vehicles that feature this advanced AWD system:
Subaru Outback: Known for its versatility and off-road capabilities, the Outback is equipped with X-Mode and AWD, making it a top choice for adventurers.
Subaru Forester: The Forester’s AWD system enhances its reliability and performance in all types of weather conditions.
Subaru Crosstrek: Compact and capable, the Crosstrek’s AWD system is ideal for urban drivers who want the flexibility to go off the beaten path.
Subaru WRX: This performance-oriented vehicle uses a more advanced AWD system, offering superior handling and control, particularly during spirited driving.
Why Subaru’s AWD System Stands Out
Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD system is a game-changer in the world of all-wheel drive technology. Its ability to provide balanced power distribution, superior traction, and enhanced stability makes it a standout feature in the brand’s vehicles. Whether you’re navigating city streets, tackling tough weather conditions, or exploring the great outdoors, Subaru’s AWD system ensures that you’re equipped for the journey.
If you’re ready to experience the benefits of Subaru’s AWD technology, visit City Subaru to test drive models like the Outback, Crosstrek, or Forester. Our team can help you find the perfect vehicle to match your lifestyle and driving needs. Contact us today to learn more about Subaru’s AWD-equipped lineup!
